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Kevin

Kevin is a backdoor implant written in C++ that has been used by HEXANE since at least June 2020, including in operations against organizations in Tunisia.[1]

ID: S1020
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Type: MALWARE
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Platforms: Windows
Version: 1.1
Created: 14 June 2022
Last Modified: 17 April 2024
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Enterprise Layer
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Techniques Used

Domain ID Name Use
Enterprise T1071 .001 Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols

Variants of Kevin can communicate with C2 over HTTP.[1]
.004 Application Layer Protocol: DNS

Variants of Kevin can communicate over DNS through queries to the server for constructed domain names with embedded information.[1]
Enterprise T1059 .003 Command and Scripting Interpreter: Windows Command Shell

Kevin can use a renamed image of cmd.exe for execution.[1]
Enterprise T1132 .001 Data Encoding: Standard Encoding

Kevin can Base32 encode chunks of output files during exfiltration.[1]
Enterprise T1005 Data from Local System

Kevin can upload logs and other data from a compromised host.[1]
Enterprise T1001 .001 Data Obfuscation: Junk Data

Kevin can generate a sequence of dummy HTTP C2 requests to obscure traffic.[1]
Enterprise T1074 Data Staged

Kevin can create directories to store logs and other collected data.[1]
Enterprise T1030 Data Transfer Size Limits

Kevin can exfiltrate data to the C2 server in 27-character chunks.[1]
Enterprise T1546 .003 Event Triggered Execution: Windows Management Instrumentation Event Subscription

Kevin can compile randomly-generated MOF files into the WMI repository to persistently run malware.[1]
Enterprise T1041 Exfiltration Over C2 Channel

Kevin can send data from the victim host through a DNS C2 channel.[1]
Enterprise T1008 Fallback Channels

Kevin can assign hard-coded fallback domains for C2.[1]
Enterprise T1564 .003 Hide Artifacts: Hidden Window

Kevin can hide the current window from the targeted user via the ShowWindow API function.[1]
Enterprise T1070 .004 Indicator Removal: File Deletion

Kevin can delete files created on the victim's machine.[1]
Enterprise T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer

Kevin can download files to the compromised host.[1]
Enterprise T1036 .003 Masquerading: Rename System Utilities

Kevin has renamed an image of cmd.exe with a random name followed by a .tmpl extension.[1]
Enterprise T1106 Native API

Kevin can use the ShowWindow API to avoid detection.[1]
Enterprise T1027 .013 Obfuscated Files or Information: Encrypted/Encoded File

Kevin has Base64-encoded its configuration file.[1]
Enterprise T1572 Protocol Tunneling

Kevin can use a custom protocol tunneled through DNS or HTTP.[1]
Enterprise T1082 System Information Discovery

Kevin can enumerate the OS version and hostname of a targeted machine.[1]
Enterprise T1016 System Network Configuration Discovery

Kevin can collect the MAC address and other information from a victim machine using ipconfig/all.[1]
Enterprise T1497 Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion

Kevin can sleep for a time interval between C2 communication attempts.[1]

Groups That Use This Software

ID Name References
G1001 HEXANE

[1]

References

  1. Kayal, A. et al. (2021, October). LYCEUM REBORN: COUNTERINTELLIGENCE IN THE MIDDLE EAST. Retrieved June 14, 2022.