| ID | Name |
|---|---|
| T1558.001 | Golden Ticket |
| T1558.002 | Silver Ticket |
| T1558.003 | Kerberoasting |
| T1558.004 | AS-REP Roasting |
| T1558.005 | Ccache Files |
Adversaries who have the password hash of a target service account (e.g. SharePoint, MSSQL) may forge Kerberos ticket granting service (TGS) tickets, also known as silver tickets. Kerberos TGS tickets are also known as service tickets.[1]
Silver tickets are more limited in scope in than golden tickets in that they only enable adversaries to access a particular resource (e.g. MSSQL) and the system that hosts the resource; however, unlike golden tickets, adversaries with the ability to forge silver tickets are able to create TGS tickets without interacting with the Key Distribution Center (KDC), potentially making detection more difficult.[2]
Password hashes for target services may be obtained using OS Credential Dumping or Kerberoasting.
| ID | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| S0677 | AADInternals |
AADInternals can be used to forge Kerberos tickets using the password hash of the AZUREADSSOACC account.[3] |
| S0363 | Empire |
Empire can leverage its implementation of Mimikatz to obtain and use silver tickets.[4] |
| S0002 | Mimikatz | |
| S1071 | Rubeus |
| ID | Mitigation | Description |
|---|---|---|
| M1041 | Encrypt Sensitive Information |
Enable AES Kerberos encryption (or another stronger encryption algorithm), rather than RC4, where possible.[7] |
| M1027 | Password Policies |
Ensure strong password length (ideally 25+ characters) and complexity for service accounts and that these passwords periodically expire.[7] Also consider using Group Managed Service Accounts or another third party product such as password vaulting.[7] |
| M1026 | Privileged Account Management |
Limit service accounts to minimal required privileges, including membership in privileged groups such as Domain Administrators.[7] |
| ID | Name | Analytic ID | Analytic Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| DET0241 | Detect Forged Kerberos Silver Tickets (T1558.002) | AN0675 |
Detects forged Kerberos Silver Tickets by identifying anomalous Kerberos service ticket activity such as malformed fields in logon events, TGS requests without interaction with the KDC, and access attempts using service accounts outside expected hosts/resources. Also monitors suspicious processes accessing LSASS memory for credential dumping. |