Trusted Relationship

Adversaries may breach or otherwise leverage organizations who have access to intended victims. Access through trusted third party relationship abuses an existing connection that may not be protected or receives less scrutiny than standard mechanisms of gaining access to a network.

Organizations often grant elevated access to second or third-party external providers in order to allow them to manage internal systems as well as cloud-based environments. Some examples of these relationships include IT services contractors, managed security providers, infrastructure contractors (e.g. HVAC, elevators, physical security). The third-party provider's access may be intended to be limited to the infrastructure being maintained, but may exist on the same network as the rest of the enterprise. As such, Valid Accounts used by the other party for access to internal network systems may be compromised and used.[1]

In Office 365 environments, organizations may grant Microsoft partners or resellers delegated administrator permissions. By compromising a partner or reseller account, an adversary may be able to leverage existing delegated administrator relationships or send new delegated administrator offers to clients in order to gain administrative control over the victim tenant.[2]

ID: T1199
Sub-techniques:  No sub-techniques
Tactic: Initial Access
Platforms: IaaS, Identity Provider, Linux, Office Suite, SaaS, Windows, macOS
Contributors: ExtraHop; Jannie Li, Microsoft Threat Intelligence Center (MSTIC); Praetorian
Version: 2.4
Created: 18 April 2018
Last Modified: 12 November 2025

Procedure Examples

ID Name Description
G0007 APT28

Once APT28 gained access to the DCCC network, the group then proceeded to use that access to compromise the DNC network.[3]

G0016 APT29

APT29 has compromised IT, cloud services, and managed services providers to gain broad access to multiple customers for subsequent operations.[4]

G0115 GOLD SOUTHFIELD

GOLD SOUTHFIELD has breached Managed Service Providers (MSP's) to deliver malware to MSP customers.[5]

G0125 HAFNIUM

HAFNIUM has used stolen API keys and credentials associated with privilege access management (PAM), cloud app providers, and cloud data management companies to access downstream customer environments.[6]

G1004 LAPSUS$

LAPSUS$ has accessed internet-facing identity providers such as Azure Active Directory and Okta to target specific organizations.[7]

G0045 menuPass

menuPass has used legitimate access granted to Managed Service Providers in order to access victims of interest.[8][9][10][11][12]

G1005 POLONIUM

POLONIUM has used compromised credentials from an IT company to target downstream customers including a law firm and aviation company.[13]

G1039 RedCurl

RedCurl has gained access to a contractor to pivot to the victim’s infrastructure.[14]

G0034 Sandworm Team

Sandworm Team has used dedicated network connections from one victim organization to gain unauthorized access to a separate organization.[15] Additionally, Sandworm Team has accessed Internet service providers and telecommunication entities that provide mobile connectivity.[16]

G1041 Sea Turtle

Sea Turtle targeted third-party entities in trusted relationships with primary targets to ultimately achieve access at primary targets. Entities targeted included DNS registrars, telecommunication companies, and internet service providers.[17]

C0024 SolarWinds Compromise

During the SolarWinds Compromise, APT29 gained access through compromised accounts at cloud solution partners, and used compromised certificates issued by Mimecast to authenticate to Mimecast customer systems.[18][19]

G0027 Threat Group-3390

Threat Group-3390 has compromised third party service providers to gain access to victim's environments.[20]

Mitigations

ID Mitigation Description
M1032 Multi-factor Authentication

Require MFA for all delegated administrator accounts.[21]

M1030 Network Segmentation

Network segmentation can be used to isolate infrastructure components that do not require broad network access.

M1018 User Account Management

Properly manage accounts and permissions used by parties in trusted relationships to minimize potential abuse by the party and if the party is compromised by an adversary. In Office 365 environments, partner relationships and roles can be viewed under the "Partner Relationships" page.[22]

Detection Strategy

ID Name Analytic ID Analytic Description
DET0488 Detect abuse of Trusted Relationships (third-party and delegated admin access) AN1344

Behavioral chain: (1) a login from a third-party account or untrusted source network establishes an interactive/remote session; (2) the session acquires elevated privileges or accesses sensitive resources atypical for that account; (3) subsequent lateral movement or data access occurs from the same session/device. Correlate Windows logon events, token elevation/privileged use, and resource access with third-party context.

AN1345

Behavioral chain: (1) sshd or federated SSO logins from third-party networks or identities; (2) rapid sudo/su privilege elevation; (3) access to sensitive paths or east-west SSH. Correlate auth logs, process execution, and network flows.

AN1346

Behavioral chain: (1) third-party interactive login or mobileconfig-based device enrollment; (2) privilege use or admin group change; (3) lateral movement mounts/ssh. Correlate unified logs and network telemetry.

AN1347

Behavioral chain: (1) delegated admin or external identity establishes session (e.g., partner/reseller DAP, B2B guest, SAML/OAuth trust); (2) role elevation or app consent/permission grant; (3) downstream privileged actions in the tenant. Correlate IdP sign-in, admin/role assignment, and consent/admin-on-behalf events.

AN1348

Behavioral chain: (1) cross-account or third-party principal assumes a role into the tenant/subscription/project; (2) privileged API calls are made in short succession; (3) access originates from unfamiliar networks or geos. Correlate assume-role/federation events with sensitive API usage.

AN1349

Behavioral chain: (1) third-party app or admin connects via OAuth/marketplace install; (2) high-privilege scopes granted; (3) anomalous actions (mass read/exports, admin changes).

AN1350

Behavioral chain: (1) delegated administration offers/relationships created or modified by partner tenants; (2) mailbox delegation/impersonation enabled; (3) follow-on access from partner IPs.

References